సివిల్ సర్వీసెస్ మెయిన్ పరీక్ష 2013 ప్రశ్న పేపర్స్

OPTIONAL SUBJECTS
ANTHROPOLOGY (PAPER-I)

Time: 3 Hours     Max Marks: 250
Instructions
n There are EIGHT questions divided in two SECTIONS.
n Candidate has to attempt FIVE questions in all.
n Questions No. 1 and 5 are compulsory and out of the remaining, THREE are to be attempted choosing at least ONE from each section.
SECTION-A
Q1.     Write notes on the following in about 150 words each:
    10 ×5 = 50
a)    How do you situate Anthropo- logy in Social Sciences?    10
b)    Various types of descent    10
c)    Totemism    10
d)    Linguistic Anthropology    10
e)    Carbon-14 method of dating    10

Q2.    
a)    Why has the concept of Culture Relativism been so dear to Anthropologists?    
    (250 words) 20
b)    Bring out the distinguishing features of culture and civilization.
    (250 words) 15
c)    Where do you situate live-in relationship' within the institution of marriage?    
    (250 words) 15

Q3.
a)    Discuss the impact of globalization on tribal economy.
    (350 words) 20
b)    In what ways is Functionalism different from Structural Functi- onalism?    (350 words) 20
c)    Differentiate between Economics and Economic Anthropology.    (150 words) 10

Q4.
a)    Discuss the impact of urbanization and feminist movement on family.    (250 words) 20
b)    Bring out the contribution of Turner and Geertz in symbolic and interpretive theories in Anthropology.    (250 words) 15
c)    How does taboo serve as a means of social control?    
    (250 words) 15

SECTION-B
Q5.     Write notes on the following in about 150 words each.
    10 ×5 = 50
a)    Role of primatology in Anthro- pological studies    10
b)    Differentiation between Child Growth and Development    10
c)    Ageing and Senescence    10
d)    Twin method in human genetics
    10
e)    Demographic transition    10

Q6.
a)    Give a broad outline of Paleo- lithic culture emphasizing upon its tool technology. (250 words)     20
b)    What do you understand by 'Genetic Load' in a population? How is it measured and what are the important factors that can influence it?    (250 words) 15
c)    Justify "Though human growth is under tight genetic control but it is influenced by various environmental factors."    (250 words) 15

Q7.
a)    Discuss the relevance of Case Study method of data collection.
    (250 words) 20
b)    Elaborate upon major human adaptations to heat and cold.
    (250 words) 15
c)    What are genetic markers and what is their usefulness? Why are blood groups considered as good genetic markers? Illustrate with examples.    (250 words) 15

Q8.
a)    Discuss how Neo-Darwinism integrated the fields of Genetics and Evolution.    (250 words) 20
b)    What is meant by epidemiological transition? Elaborate upon its causes and consequences highlighting major health problems of our adult population today.    (250 words) 15
c)    Differentiate between Race and Racism. What are three major races of the world? Give important biological criteria used frequently for such a classification.

ANTHROPOLOGY (PAPER-II)
Time: 3 Hours     Max Marks: 250
Instructions
n There are EIGHT questions divided in two SECTIONS.
n Candidate has to attempt FIVE questions in all.
n Questions No. 1 and 5 are compulsory and out of the remaining, THREE are to be attempted choosing at least ONE from each section.

SECTION-A
Q1.     Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each.
    10 × 5 = 50
a)    Sufi tradition of Islam.
b)    Threat to tribal languages in India.
c)    Examine the debates related to Ramapithecus.
d)    Discuss how Louis Dumont explained caste system.
e)    Discuss salient features of Mesolithic culture in India with special reference to western India.

Q2. Answer the following in about 250 words each.
a)    Examine Nature-man-spirit complex as an ecological concept.    15
b)    Indian Paleolithic culture can neither be conceived chronologically homogenous nor as a uniform cultural phase. Discuss.     15
c)    Discuss the significance of study of religious centres to the understanding of Indian civilization.20

Q3. Answer the following in about 375 words each.
a)    Examine the anthropological contributions dealing with tribes and Indian civilization.    25
b)    What is Jajmani system? Exami- ne the views on Jajmani system as an egalitarian as well as exploitative system. Give reasons for its decline.    25

Q4. Answer the following in about 250 words each.
a)    Indian farmers are not slow to react to economic opportunities.  Discuss this statement.    15
b)    Examine the criticisms on the concept of dominant caste.    15
c)    Discuss the contributions of  H.D. Sankalia to prehistoric anthropology in India.    20

SECTION-B
Q5. Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each.
    10 × 5 = 50
a)    Government Action towards Left Wing Extremism.
b)    Role of Gramasabha under PESA.
c)    Impacts of sanctuaries and natio- nal parks on tribal populations.
d)    Linguistic classification of Indian tribes.
e)    Ethnic movements in India.

Q6. Answer the following in about 250 words each.
a)    Fifth Schedule and Sixth Schedule of the constitution are built on the foundations laid by the colonial Government. Discuss.     20
b)    Discuss the significance of cultural and administrative factors in tribal development.    15
c)    Examine the impacts of green revolution on rural poor.    15

Q7. Answer the following in about 250 words each.
a)    Discuss the criticism levelled against anthropology in the context of 'Isolation, and assimilation debate' on tribal populations.    20
b)    Assess the contributions of early 20th century ethnographic tradition to Indian anthropology.    15
c)    Discuss how British policies dispossessed tribals of their communal properties and agricultural lands.    15

Q8. Answer the following in about 250 words each:
a)    Discuss alternatives for shifting cultivators in the context of ecological costs and humanistic concerns.    20
b)    Examine the impact of non-tribal contact on socio-cultural institutions of tribal people with suitable examples.    15
c)    Discuss the Social disabilities suffered by scheduled castes.    15

HISTORY (PAPER-I)
Time: 3 Hours     Max. Marks: 250
Instructions
n There are EIGHT questions divided in two SECTIONS.
n Candidate has to attempt FIVE questions in all.
n Questions No. 1 and 5 are compulsory and out of the remaining, 3 are to be attempted choosing at least 1 from each section.

SECTION-A
Q1.    Identify the following places marked on the outline map in the Question-cum-Answer Booklet supplied to you and write short notes of about 30 words on each of them in the space provided in the Booklet. Locational hints for each of the places marked on the map are given below seriatim:    2l/2× 20 = 50
i)    A Palaeolithic and Mesolithic site.    2l/2
ii)    Mesolithic site.    2l/2
iii)    An important halting place.    2l/2
iv)    A Pre-Harappan site.    2l/2
v)    An important Harappan site.    2l/2
vi)    Site of important fossils.    2l/2
vii)    A Sea-port.    2l/2
viii) A Palaeolithic site.    2l/2
ix)    A Neolithic, Megalithic and
     Chalcolithic site.    2l/2
x)    A Harappan site.    2l/2
xi)    A Palaeolithic site.    2l/2
xii)     A Neolithic site.    2l/2
xiii)  A Chalcolithic site.    2l/2
xiv) A Chalcolithic site.    2l/2
xv)    A site of Buddhist Monastery.     2l/2
xvi) Painted Grey Ware site.    2l/2
xvii) Site related to a famous
    Indian Philosopher.    2l/2
xviii) Historical Rock-cut caves.    2l/2
xix) Famous Fort.     2l/2
xx) Capital of famous Kingdom.    2l/2

Q2.
a)    Evaluate various views regarding human settlements as gleaned from the Vedic sources.    15
b)    Discuss the water management and its conservation planning in the Harappan (Indus- Saraswati) cities.    20
c)    In the absence of a written script Chalcolithic pottery gives us a fascinating insight into the culture and life styles of the people of those times.
    Comment critically.    15

Q3.
a)    On the basis of contemporary sources assess the nature of banking and usuary in ancient India.    15
b)    Social norms for women in the Dharmasastra and Arthasastra tradition were framed in accordance with the Varnashrama tradition. Evaluate critically.    20
c)    "The varna concept may always have been largely a theoretical model and never an actual description of society." Comment in the context of Ancient India.     15

Q4.
a)    Evaluate the contribution of the Puranas in disseminating secular knowledge among the masses in ancient India.    15
b)    Evaluate the ownership of land in ancient India on the basis of literary and epigraphic sources.    15
c)    Explain as to how the early Buddhist Stupa art, while using folk motifs and narratives and common cultural symbols, succeeded in transforming these themes for expounding the Buddhist ideals.    20

SECTION-B
Q5.     Write short notes in not more than 150 words on each of the following:
    10 × 5 = 50
a)    Evaluate the Malfuzat texts as sources of medieval history.    10
b)    Discuss the state of society and economy of the Bahmani kingdom as gleaned from historical sources.    10
c)    Give a sketch of Indian trade with Europe during the Mughal period.    10
d)    Analyze the steps taken by Razia Sultan to strengthen her position as an independent ruler despite the various obstacles.    10
e) Bhakti and mysticism of Lal Ded emerged as a social force in Kashmir. Comment.    10

Q6.
a) Evaluate the conditions of industries in India from 1200-1500 CE.    20
b) On the basis of contemporary sources  evaluate the system of agriculture and irrigation of the Vijayanagar kingdom.    15
c) Critically evaluate the educational development during the Sultanate period.    15

Q7.
a) On the basis of the accounts of Europeans bring out the agrarian crisis of the 17th century CE India.    20
b) Evaluate critically the conditions of labour from 1200-1500 CE on the basis of historical sources.    15
c)    Discuss and evaluate critically various trends in the historiography of bhakti.    15

Q8.
a)    Analyze how the political process of state formation of Mewar from 10th-15th century CE was challenged in the 16th century CE by the imperialist policy of Akbar.    15
b)    Assess the Lekhapaddhati as an important source for evaluating the society and economy of the thirteenth century CE with special reference to Gujarat.    15
c)    Assess the development of Science and Technology in the Mughal period.    20

HISTORY (PAPER-II)
Time: 3 Hours     Max. Marks: 250
Instructions
n  There are EIGHT questions divided in two SECTIONS.
n Candidate has to attempt FIVE questions in all.
n Questions No. 1 and 5 are compulsory and out of the remaining, THREE are to be attempted choosing at least ONE from each section.

SECTION-A (Modern India)
1.    Critically examine the following statements in about 150 words each.     10 × 5 = 50
a)    "Dupleix made a cardinal blunder in looking for the key of India in Madras: Clive sought and found it in Bengal."
b)    Swami Vivekananda opined that "We should give our ancient spirituality and culture and get in return Western science, technology, methods of raising the standard of life, business integrity and technique of collective effort."
c)    "Ryotwari falls into three stages – early, middle and late, and the only description common to all is that it is a mode of settlement with small farmers, so small, indeed, that their average holding is, on recent figures, only about 61/2 acres."
d)    "Many of us who worked for the congress programme lived in a kind of intoxication during the year 1921. We were full of excitement and optimism.... We had a sense of freedom and a pride in that freedom."
e)    "Gandhi's body is in jail but his soul is with you, India's prestige is in your hands, you must not use any violence under any circumstances. YOU will be beaten but you must not resist; you must not raise a hand to ward off blows."

2.    a) "Weaving", says R.C. Dutt, "was the national industry of the people and spinning was the pursuit of millions of women." Indian textiles went to England and other parts of Europe, to China and Japan and Burma and Arabia and Persia and parts of Africa. Elucidate.     25
b)    "The first point to note is the continuing importance of religion and philosophy as vital ingredients in the modern Indian Renaissance. Indeed, there is as much reason for regarding it as a reformation as there is for treating it as a Renaissance." Critically examine.    25

3. a) "At the dawn of the twentieth century Lord Curzon, the viceroy of India, was full of hostility towards the Indian National Congress and he confidentially reported to the Secretary of State in November 1900: My own belief is that the Congress is tottering to its fall, and one of my greatest ambitions while in India is to assist it to a peaceful demise." Examine.     25
b)    "Though the Act of 1919 was superseded by that of 1935, the preamble to the former was not repealed - the preservation of the smile of the Cheshire cat after its disappearance, and the latter said nothing about Dominion Status." Elucidate.    25

4.    a) "Notwithstanding the quest for modernity and the antagonism that guided Nehru's attitude towards the inequalities inherent in the social structure in rural India, the Congress Party did not carry out a concerted campaign against discrimination based on caste. Nehru's own perception was that industrial growth was bound to break the stranglehold of this feudal remnant. This, however, did not happen in India." Examine.     25
b)    "The reorganization resulted in rationalizing the political map of India without seriously weakening its unity. If anything, its result has been functional, in as much as it removed what had been a major source of discord, and created homogeneous political units which could be administered through a medium that the vast majority of the population understood. Indeed, it can be said with the benefit of hindsight that language, rather than being a force for division, has proved a cementing and integrating influence." Examine.     25

SECTION-B (World History)
5.    Critically examine the following statements in about 150 words each. 10 × 5 = 50
a)    "For Kant, Enlightenment is mankind's final coming of age, the emancipation of the human consciousness from an immature state of ignorance and error."
b)    "Six hundred thousand men had died. The Union was preserved, the slaves freed. A nation 'conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal' had survived its most terrible ordeal."
c)    "Colonialism not only deprives a society of its freedom and its wealth, but of its very character, leaving its people intellectually and morally disoriented."
d)    "If the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia (that resulted in the creation or the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics or Soviet Union) inaugurated an international competition for the hearts and minds of people all over the globe, the Chinese Revolution raised the stakes of that struggle."
e)    "Decolonization has finished. It definitely belongs to the past. Yet somehow it has refused to become history."

6.    a) "In spite of the careful framing of the Charter, the role of UNO as peacekeeper and international mediator has been somewhat lacklustre and muted and that continues to be so even after the end of Cold War." Elucidate.     25
b)    "Change in Britain came comparatively peacefully through democratic process in the first half of the nineteenth century and a model of a functioning democracy through ballot box was successfully put in place." Elaborate.    25

7.    a) "New imperialism was a nationalistic, not an economic phenomena." Critically examine.     25
b)    "By the 1980's the communist system of the Soviet Union was incapable of maintaining the country's role as a Superpower." Elucidate.     25

8.    a) "The European Union is the new sick man of Europe." Critically evaluate.     25
b)    "There must be an end to white monopoly on political power, and a fundamental restructuring of our political and economic systems to ensure that the inequalities of apartheid are addressed and our society thoroughly democratized." Discuss.     25